Three cases of recurrent pleuropericarditis were observed within the same family - in two sisters and their niece, who were 18, 35 and 18 years of age, respectively. One patient was treated with pericardiectomy, and the other two were treated with colchicine. Mutations associated with autoinflammatory diseases (tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome and familial Mediterranean fever) were absent; the condition was found to be sex linked.
Keywords: Genetics; Pericardial effusion; Pericarditis.