Characteristics, complications and management of a large multiethnic cohort of younger adults with type 2 diabetes

Prim Care Diabetes. 2011 Dec;5(4):245-50. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2011.06.003. Epub 2011 Jul 22.

Abstract

Aims: To describe the characteristics and management of a cohort with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) <40 years.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of the last visit of 648 adults attending 2 specialist centres in the UK. Differences between the lowest (≤22) vs. highest quintile (≥33) of age of diagnosis were analysed.

Results: 57.9% were female; 45.5% Black or Minority Ethnic origin (91.9% of South Asian origin); median age at diagnosis was 28 years (24-31); diabetes duration of 4.0 years (1.9-7.0); BMI of 33.0 kg/m(2) (28.3-38.7). HbA1c of 8.2% (6.8-9.9) with HbA1c >7% in 70%. 71.8% had cholesterol >4 mmol/l, 54.9% triglycerides >1.7 mmol/l, 45% had hypertension, 19.8% retinopathy, 16.9% microalbuminuria. Insulin was used in 43.3%. 27.7% received antihypertensives and 31.5% a statin. Compared to the highest quintile of age of diagnosis, the lowest quintile had more often retinopathy (22.1% vs. 16.9%, p=0.021), was less on insulin (45.6% vs. 46.4%, p=0.039) and often managed with diet only (9.6% vs. 6.2%, p=0.005).

Conclusions: These younger adults with T2DM often have inadequately treated risk factors. In particular, patients from the lowest quintile of age of diagnosis were less aggressively treated. There is a need for tailored strategies to manage this high-risk group.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age of Onset
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Body Mass Index
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / diagnosis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / ethnology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Complications / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Complications / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Complications / ethnology
  • Diabetes Complications / etiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / ethnology
  • Dyslipidemias / drug therapy
  • Dyslipidemias / ethnology
  • England / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Hypertension / drug therapy
  • Hypertension / ethnology
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Linear Models
  • Lipids / blood
  • Male
  • Obesity / ethnology
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Biomarkers
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin
  • Lipids
  • hemoglobin A1c protein, human