In peripubertal female rats, we have previously found that 50% food restriction (FR) increases plasma IL-6, haptoglobin and both alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AST) aminotransferases, indicating the existence of an inflammatory response. To study whether such FR influences the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, we examined by immunohistochemistry the morphofunctional features of pituitary adrenocorticotroppic (ACTH) cells. In FR rats the volume and volume density of ACTH cells as well as plasma ACTH levels were increased by 17.6%, 12.5% and 13.4%, respectively, in comparison with controls (p<0.05). We concluded that chronic FR is a systemic stressor in young females, capable to stimulate the HPA axis, probably as a result of IL-6 action.