[Multiple facial squamous cell carcinomas in a child, revealing a xeroderma pigmentosum]

Abstract

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is very rare in children. One of its most common risk factors is xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), an autosomal recessive disease characterized by defective cellular DNA repair, and hypersensitivity to ultraviolet radiation.

Case report: We report a case of XP in a 7-year-old black African boy, revealed by squamous cell carcinomas of the inferior lip and upper left eyelid.

Discussion: In sub-Saharan regions, the early diagnosis of XP is difficult because of its uncommon occurrence on black skin and black skin specificities. The strong sun radiation in the tropics and a late diagnosis make XP treatment challenging. Thus, prevention in patients' families is mandatory.