Rhinitis symptoms caused by grass pollen are associated with elevated basophile allergen sensitivity and a larger grass-specific immunoglobulin E fraction

Clin Exp Allergy. 2012 Jan;42(1):49-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03838.x. Epub 2011 Aug 22.

Abstract

Background: The mechanisms responsible for the difference between clinically irrelevant IgE-sensitization and allergic rhinitis are not fully understood.

Objective: We evaluated the humoral and cellular mechanisms that may be associated with the presence of allergic rhinitis symptoms.

Methods: We selected 26 subjects with positive grass pollen skin tests and IgE antibodies to Timothy (g6) and the major grass allergens rPhl p 1, 5b. Fourteen of those patients reported a history of allergic rhinitis. During winter, we performed a grass pollen CD63 basophile activation test using four log allergen concentrations, followed by a grass nasal provocation test (NPT). We obtained symptom scores in the subsequent pollination season.

Results: We showed that subjects with a positive NPT have significantly higher CD63 basophile grass pollen responsiveness than NPT-negative subjects, preferably at submaximal allergen concentrations, which represent cellular sensitivity. Moreover, basophile sensitivity positively correlated with the size of the grass-specific IgE fraction in relation to total IgE, and it was highly predictive of allergic rhinitis symptoms in the following pollination season.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: Allergic rhinitis symptoms are significantly associated with allergen-specific basophile sensitivity. In vitro evaluation of basophile sensitivity should prove useful for distinguishing clinical phenotype of allergic sensitization.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Allergens / immunology*
  • Basophils / immunology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nasal Provocation Tests
  • Phleum / immunology*
  • Plant Proteins / immunology
  • Pollen / immunology*
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / diagnosis
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / immunology
  • Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / physiopathology*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Plant Proteins
  • PHLPI protein, Phleum pratense
  • Immunoglobulin E