Usefulness of combination of imaging modalities in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma using Sonazoid®-enhanced ultrasound, gadolinium diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography

Oncology. 2011:81 Suppl 1:66-72. doi: 10.1159/000333264. Epub 2011 Dec 22.

Abstract

Objective: To clarify the diagnostic ability of combining imaging methods to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using Sonazoid®-enhanced ultrasound (US), gadolinium diethylene-triamine-pentaacetic acid-enhanced (Gd-EOB-DTPA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).

Methods: A total of 32 patients who underwent surgical resection for HCC were studied. Sonazoid-enhanced US, Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI, CECT, and intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were done for all patients. The definitive diagnosis of HCC in those patients was based on histopathological confirmation.

Results: A total of 50 histologically proven HCCs were obtained from 32 patients; their mean (± SD) age was 68.3 years ± 8.1. The mean (± SD) nodule size was 2.6 cm ± 1.9. Twenty percent were well-differentiated HCC, 64% were moderately differentiated HCC, 10% were poorly differentiated HCC, 4% were combined HCC and CCC, and 2% were HCC with severe necrosis. The overall diagnostic sensitivity of CEUS, CECT, and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI was 72, 74, and 86%, respectively; however, there was no significant difference between the three imaging modalities in diagnosing typical HCC (p = 0.092). When combining the diagnostic ability of the different imaging modalities, the diagnostic sensitivity of Sonazoid-enhanced US and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI was 90%, while addition of Sonazoid-enhanced US to CECT and CECT to Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI had a sensitivity of 82 and 88%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the three imaging combinations (p = 0.970).

Conclusion: Sonazoid-enhanced US and Gd-EOB-DTPA MRI can be confidently used in daily clinical practice for the management of HCC.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / blood
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / diagnosis*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / diagnostic imaging
  • Female
  • Ferric Compounds
  • Gadolinium DTPA
  • Hepatitis B / complications
  • Hepatitis C / complications
  • Humans
  • Iron
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnosis*
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxides
  • Radiographic Image Enhancement
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed*
  • Ultrasonography, Doppler*

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Ferric Compounds
  • Oxides
  • Sonazoid
  • Iron
  • Gadolinium DTPA