Cognitive skills were assessed in 13 females with a history of precocious adrenarche (PA). They were of average intelligence. In terms of lateralized cognitive skills, PA had no effect on verbal fluency. The spatial abilities of females with a history of PA, who had reached gonarche (were fully pubertal), were inferior to those of females tested in the midst of PA and to population controls. The physiologic/hormonal changes associated with normal adrenarche may curtail further specialization of the right hemisphere, resulting in a relative spatial deficit among females in general, who as a group reach adrenarche earlier than males. This spatial performance deficit is exaggerated in females with PA.