Decline in heart transplant wait list mortality in the United States following broader regional sharing of donor hearts

Circ Heart Fail. 2012 Mar 1;5(2):249-58. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.964247. Epub 2012 Jan 13.

Abstract

Background: A change in allocation algorithm in July 2006 allowed broader regional sharing of donor hearts in the United States (US). We assessed if the allocation change has been associated with a decline in wait list mortality in the US.

Methods and results: We compared baseline characteristics and outcomes in patients ≥18 years old listed for a primary heart transplant in the US before (July 1, 2004-July 11, 2006, Era1) and after (July 12, 2006-June 30, 2009, Era 2) the change in allocation algorithm. Of 11 864 patients in the study, 4503 were listed during Era 1 and 7361 during Era 2. Patients listed during Era 2 were more likely to be listed status 1A, have an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, and supported on a continuous flow assist device (P<0.001 for distribution. Patients listed in Era 2 were at a 17% lower risk of dying on the wait list or becoming too sick to transplant (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.83, 95% CI 0.75, 0.93). Transplant recipients in Era 2 were more likely to be transplanted as status 1A (37% versus 48%, respectively, P<0.001). Post-transplant in-hospital mortality (6.3% versus 5.4%; adjusted odds ratio, 0.86 for Era 2, 95% CI 0.79, 1.06) and 1-year survival were similar.

Conclusions: The risk of death on the wait list or becoming too sick to transplant has decreased by 17% in the US since the allocation algorithm allowing broader regional sharing was implemented in 2006. The shift in hearts to sicker candidates has not resulted in higher in-hospital or first year post-transplant mortality.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Algorithms
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Transplantation / mortality*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Registries*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors
  • Tissue Donors / supply & distribution*
  • Tissue and Organ Procurement / statistics & numerical data*
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Waiting Lists / mortality*
  • Young Adult