Efficacy and safety of early versus late titration of fixed-dose irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide: ACTUAL study

Blood Press Suppl. 2011 Dec:2:22-9. doi: 10.3109/08037051.2011.633368.

Abstract

Hypertension management guidelines recommend titrating antihypertensive drugs stepwise every 4-6 weeks.We compared efficacy and safety of early versus late titration after 10 weeks' treatment with irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide. Hypertensive patients uncontrolled on monotherapy were randomized into two groups. In the early titration group (E), patients received irbesartan/hydrochlorothiazide 150/12.5 mg for 2 weeks; uncontrolled patients were up-titrated to 300/25 mg at weeks 2 and 6. In the late titration group (L), patients received 150/12.5 mg for 6 weeks; uncontrolled patients were up-titrated to 300/25 mg at week 6 (W6). The change of mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) from baseline to week 10 (W10) were studied using a covariance analysis model. The percentage of controlled patients at W10 was compared between groups using Fisher's exact test. Of 833 patients enrolled from 14 countries, the intent-to-treat (ITT) population included 795 (mean age 58 +/- 12 years, female 60%, obesity 38%, diabetes 22%). AtW6, mean SBP decrease was: E - 28.8 mmHg vs L - 26.3 mmHg (p = 0.02). At W10, there was similar mean SBP decrease: E - 29.5 mmHg vs L- 31.0 mmHg (p = 0.14). The control rate at W10 was 58% (E) and 64% (L), p = 0.06. Serious adverse events were more frequent in E (2.5% vs 0.7%, p= 0.044). Both early and late titration regimens provide similar BP decrease and control rate.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00708344.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antihypertensive Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Antihypertensive Agents / adverse effects*
  • Blood Pressure / drug effects*
  • Drug Combinations
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrochlorothiazide / administration & dosage*
  • Hydrochlorothiazide / adverse effects*
  • Hypertension / drug therapy*
  • Hypertension / physiopathology*
  • Losartan / administration & dosage*
  • Losartan / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents
  • Drug Combinations
  • hydrochlorothiazide, losartan drug combination
  • Hydrochlorothiazide
  • Losartan

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00708344