Genetic polymorphism of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE), but not angiotensin II type I receptor (ATr1), has a gender-specific role in panic disorder

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2012 Mar;66(2):130-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2011.02318.x.

Abstract

Aims: Angiotensins were shown to have some role in the development of panic disorder (PD). In this study, we aimed to determine the frequency of polymorphisms in two angiotensin-related genes, angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensin II type I receptor (ATr1), in a sample of Turkish patients with PD and to evaluate their association with PD development.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to analyze ATr1 A1166C polymorphism, and only polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze functional ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism in 123 patients with PD and in 169 similarly aged disease-free controls.

Results: There was no significant difference in the genotype distribution between PD patients and controls for each polymorphism (P>0.05). Allele frequency of ACE insertion/deletion was borderline statistically significant between the groups (P=0.055; odds ratio: 1.39; 95% confidence interval: 0.99-1.95), and allele frequency of ATr1 A1166C was not significantly different between the groups (P=0.32; odds ratio: 0.81; 95% confidence interval: 0.53-1.22).

Conclusion: This study suggests that polymorphisms of ACE I/D and ATr1 A1166C are not associated with risk of PD in Turkish patients. However, in ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism, the insertion allele was found to be more frequent in the male subgroup of patients (χ²=4.61, P=0.032) than in controls, suggesting a potential male-specific role of the less active ACE insertion allele in the pathogenesis of PD.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alleles
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Female
  • Gene Frequency
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Panic Disorder / genetics*
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics*
  • Polymorphism, Genetic*
  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / genetics*
  • Sex Factors

Substances

  • Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
  • Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A