Biomarkers

Heart Fail Clin. 2012 Apr;8(2):207-24. doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2011.11.005.

Abstract

Epidemiologic, clinical, and basic research has identified several antecedent conditions that predispose individuals to heart failure and its predecessor, asymptomatic left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction (stage B heart failure). Many biochemical markers have been described that characterize the remodeling process and the development of cardiac dysfunction. Although natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponin are currently used in the context of diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of stage C and D heart failure, many other biomarkers provide insights into the underlying pathophysiology of left ventricular dysfunction, suggesting new directions for fundamental research or the development of new therapies.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / analysis*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Chronic Disease
  • Disease Progression
  • Extracellular Matrix / physiology
  • Heart Failure / mortality
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Lipid Peroxidation / physiology
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / blood*
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / genetics
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology
  • Peroxynitrous Acid / physiology
  • Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / blood
  • Troponin / blood
  • Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1
  • Troponin
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain
  • Peroxynitrous Acid