Active DNA demethylation in mammalian preimplantation embryos: new insights and new perspectives

Mol Hum Reprod. 2012 Jul;18(7):333-40. doi: 10.1093/molehr/gas014. Epub 2012 Mar 23.

Abstract

DNA methylation and demethylation are crucial for modulating gene expression and regulating cell differentiation. Functions and mechanisms of DNA methylation/demethylation in mammalian embryos are still far from being understood clearly. In this review we firstly describe new insights into DNA demethylation mechanisms, and secondly introduce the differences in active DNA methylation patterns in zygotes and early embryos in various mammalian species. Thirdly, we attempt to clarify the functions of DNA demethylation in early embryos. Most importantly we summarize the importance of active DNA demethylation and its possible relevance to human IVF clinics. Finally research perspectives regarding DNA demethylation are also discussed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blastocyst / metabolism*
  • DNA Methylation / genetics
  • DNA Methylation / physiology*
  • Humans