Release and bioaccessibility of β-carotene from fortified almond butter during in vitro digestion

J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Sep 26;60(38):9659-66. doi: 10.1021/jf302843w. Epub 2012 Sep 17.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the release and bioaccessibility of β-carotene from fortified almond butter using in vitro digestion models. Two types of fortifiers were investigated: β-carotene oil (oil) and whey protein isolate (WPI)-alginate-chitosan capsules containing β-carotene oil (capsule). Shaking water bath and Human Gastric Simulator (HGS) digestion models assessed the impact of gastric peristalsis on the release of β-carotene. Bioaccessibility of β-carotene was measured as percent recovered from the micelle fraction. There was greater release of β-carotene from oil fortified almond butter in the HGS model (87.1%) due to peristalsis than the shaking water bath model (51.0%). More β-carotene was released from capsule fortified almond butter during intestinal digestion. However, more β-carotene was recovered from the micelle fraction of oil fortified almond butter. These results suggest that a WPI-alginate-chitosan capsule coating may inhibit the bioaccessibility of β-carotene from fortified almond butter.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Alginates / metabolism
  • Caco-2 Cells
  • Capsules
  • Chitosan / metabolism
  • Digestion*
  • Food Handling / methods
  • Food, Fortified*
  • Glucuronic Acid / metabolism
  • Hexuronic Acids / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Micelles
  • Milk Proteins / metabolism
  • Models, Biological
  • Prunus / metabolism*
  • Viscosity
  • Whey Proteins
  • beta Carotene / metabolism
  • beta Carotene / pharmacokinetics*

Substances

  • Alginates
  • Capsules
  • Hexuronic Acids
  • Micelles
  • Milk Proteins
  • Whey Proteins
  • beta Carotene
  • Glucuronic Acid
  • Chitosan