The GLIB technique for genome-wide mapping of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine

Nat Protoc. 2012 Oct;7(10):1909-17. doi: 10.1038/nprot.2012.104. Epub 2012 Sep 27.

Abstract

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a newly discovered DNA base present at detectable levels in most mammalian cell types and tissues. It is generated by Tet-enzyme-mediated oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC). 5hmC is important both because of its potential role in regulating gene expression and because it may be an intermediate in DNA demethylation. Here we describe a technique termed GLIB (glucosylation, periodate oxidation and biotinylation), which combines several enzymatic and chemical modification steps to attach biotin to 5hmC. Biotin-containing genomic DNA fragments are then enriched using streptavidin beads, eluted and sequenced. GLIB is capable of quantitatively tagging and precipitating fragments containing a single 5hmC molecule. Sample preparation and GLIB can be conducted in 2-3 d.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • 5-Methylcytosine / analogs & derivatives
  • Base Sequence
  • Biotinylation / methods
  • Cytosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Cytosine / analysis
  • Cytosine / chemistry
  • Genomics / methods*
  • Glucose / chemistry
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Periodic Acid / chemistry

Substances

  • Periodic Acid
  • 5-hydroxymethylcytosine
  • 5-Methylcytosine
  • Cytosine
  • metaperiodate
  • Glucose