Patients who have undergone a total laryngectomy have altered anatomy and physiology. This results in unique and specific issues that must be recognized in order to ensure that this group of patients experience appropriate care. This article looks at the current literature and attempts to highlight specific areas of concern, so that emergency care providers can deliver an equally high standard of care to this patient group as they do to others. A Medline and Google scholar search was conducted using phrases associated with the complications of total laryngectomy. The results were analyzed to identify the most relevant articles that meet our objective. Articles were then organized into the different subheadings used within the article and reviewed. The most up-to-date articles or those that were in the opinion of the authors the most appropriate to convey our objective were included in our review.