Serial foodborne norovirus outbreaks associated with multiple genotypes

PLoS One. 2013 May 8;8(5):e63327. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063327. Print 2013.

Abstract

Noroviruses (NoV) have been recognized as an important pathogen associated with acute gastroenteritis worldwide during the past three decades. In the spring of 2012, a series of foodborne outbreaks in tourist groups were reported to Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, Fujian province, China. Among a total of 268 tourists in 7 groups, the prevalence rate of acute gastroenteritis was 16.0% (43/268). Twenty-three feces or anal swabs were collected for laboratory tests of causative agents, no bacterial pathogen was identified, while 22 of them were positive for NoV RNA. In addition, thirteen NoV fragments were recovered from positive specimens and sequenced, belonging to five genotypes such as GI.3, GI.4, GII.4, GII.6, and GII.14, respectively. However, NoV fragments obtained from locally infected patients showed distinct genotypes. Therefore, epidemiological investigation and laboratory analyses demonstrated that the serial foodborne NoV outbreaks in tourists were co-infection of multiple genotypes induced acute gastroenteritis linked to a restaurant.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Caliciviridae Infections / epidemiology*
  • China / epidemiology
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Computational Biology
  • DNA Primers / genetics
  • Disease Outbreaks / statistics & numerical data*
  • Feces / virology
  • Foodborne Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Foodborne Diseases / virology*
  • Gastroenteritis / virology*
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Norovirus / genetics*
  • Norovirus / pathogenicity
  • Phylogeny
  • Prevalence
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA

Substances

  • DNA Primers

Grants and funding

This study was supported by the following grants: 1) Priority Discipline Construction Project, Xiamen Meciacal Centers; 2) Planned Instruction Projects in 2007, Xiamen municipal Bureau of Science & Technology (No. 350222007707). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.