Endometriosis is a gynecological disorder defined by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. Several studies have found an epidemiological correlation between endometriosis and migraine, probably due to the association of both diseases with female hormones. Progestins or combined oral contraceptives are the first-line medical therapy in women with endometriosis; however, it is well known that in some women the use of combined oral contraceptives could exacerbate migraine. This observation poses a challenge to clinicians who must concomitantly treat endometriosis-related symptoms and migraine. This review summarizes the available literature on the medical treatment of endometriosis in women suffering concomitant migraine without aura until March 2012. Due to the lack of available studies on this topic, it is difficult to draw definitive conclusions. Further studies evaluating hormonal therapies are needed; in particular, progestin therapy should be reconsidered in women with migraine and concomitant endometriosis.