Abstract
Renal acid-base homeostasis is a complex process, effectuated by bicarbonate reabsorption and acid secretion. Impairment of urinary acidification is called renal tubular acidosis (RTA). Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is the most common form of the RTA syndromes. Multiple pathophysiologic mechanisms, each associated with various etiologies, can lead to dRTA. The most important consequence of dRTA is (recurrent) nephrolithiasis. The diagnosis is based on a urinary acidification test. Potassium citrate is the treatment of choice.
MeSH terms
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Acid-Base Equilibrium* / drug effects
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Acidosis, Renal Tubular / diagnosis
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Acidosis, Renal Tubular / immunology
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Acidosis, Renal Tubular / metabolism
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Acidosis, Renal Tubular / therapy
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Animals
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Autoimmune Diseases* / diagnosis
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Autoimmune Diseases* / immunology
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Autoimmune Diseases* / metabolism
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Autoimmune Diseases* / therapy
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Autoimmunity*
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Humans
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Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
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Kidney Tubules, Distal* / drug effects
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Kidney Tubules, Distal* / immunology
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Kidney Tubules, Distal* / metabolism
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Nephrolithiasis* / diagnosis
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Nephrolithiasis* / immunology
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Nephrolithiasis* / metabolism
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Nephrolithiasis* / therapy
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Potassium Citrate / therapeutic use
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Predictive Value of Tests
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Risk Factors
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Treatment Outcome
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Urinalysis