Split-bolus single-phase cardiac multidetector computed tomography for reliable detection of left atrial thrombus: comparison to transesophageal echocardiography

Rofo. 2014 Nov;186(11):1009-15. doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1366247. Epub 2014 Apr 11.

Abstract

Purpose: Evaluation of a new cardiac MDCT protocol using a split-bolus contrast injection protocol and single MDCT scan for reliable diagnosis of LA/LAA thrombi in comparison to TEE, optimizing radiation exposure and use of contrast agent.

Materials and methods: A total of 182 consecutive patients with drug refractory AF scheduled for PVI (62.6 % male, mean age: 64.1 ± 10.2 years) underwent routine diagnostic work including TEE and cardiac MDCT for the evaluation of LA/LAA anatomy and thrombus formation between November 2010 and March 2012. Contrast media injection was split into a pre-bolus of 30 ml and main bolus of 70 ml iodinated contrast agent separated by a short time delay.

Results: In this study, split-bolus cardiac MDCT identified 14 of 182 patients with filling defects of the LA/LAA. In all of these 14 patients, abnormalities were found in TEE. All 5 of the 14 patients with thrombus formation in cardiac MDCT were confirmed by TEE.

Conclusion: MDCT was 100 % accurate for thrombus, with strong but not perfect overall results for SEC equivalent on MDCT.

Key points: • Patients with no filling defect or thrombus in MDCT in the LA/LAA region are unlikely to have thrombus and may undergo PVI without TEE.• Here, the role of an additional TEE in pre-procedural management prior to PVI in patients with AF has to be redefined.• Using a split-bolus injection protocol increases the diagnostic accuracy of thrombus in the LA/LAA region.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Atrial Fibrillation / complications
  • Atrial Fibrillation / diagnosis
  • Atrial Fibrillation / surgery
  • Catheter Ablation
  • Contrast Media / administration & dosage*
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal*
  • Female
  • Heart Atria / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Iopamidol / administration & dosage
  • Iopamidol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multidetector Computed Tomography / methods*
  • Pulmonary Veins / surgery
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Thrombosis / diagnosis*

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • iomeprol
  • Iopamidol