This second approach to the doctrine and thinking of Edmund D. Pellegrino presents the basics of the author's proposal to reform medical ethics, based on the rehabilitation of beneficence principle in health care. It describes the research and interest of our bioethicist towards the concept of 'good' of the patient and his four components. Pellegrino's classic concepts of 'healing' and 'help' are also analyzed, as distinctive aspects of the new ethics structure. Ultimately, the debate about the identity of Medicine is also introduced, along with the concepts of essentialism and its social constructivism, a capital issue for the author for the future of Medicine.