A radiometabolite study of the serotonin transporter PET radioligand [(11)C]MADAM

Nucl Med Biol. 2014 Jul;41(6):501-6. doi: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2014.03.022. Epub 2014 Apr 2.

Abstract

Introduction: (11)C]MADAM is a radioligand suitable for PET studies of the serotonin transporter (SERT). Metabolite analysis in human and non-human plasma samples using HPLC separation has shown that [(11)C]MADAM was rapidly metabolized. A possible metabolic pathway is the S-oxidation which could lead to SOMADAM and SO2MADAM. In vitro evaluation of these two potential metabolites has shown that SOMADAM exhibited a good affinity for SERT and a good selectivity for SERT over NET and DAT.

Methods: Comparative PET imaging studies in non-human primate brain with [(11)C]MADAM and [(11)C]SOMADAM were carried out, and plasma samples were analyzed using reverse phase HPLC. We have explored the metabolism of [(11)C]MADAM in rat brain with a view to understand its possible interference for brain imaging with PET.

Results: PET imaging studies in non-human primate brain using [(11)C]SOMADAM indicated that this tracer does not bind with high amounts to brain regions known to be rich in SERT. The fraction of [(11)C]SOMADAM in non-human primate plasma was approximately 5% at 4min and 1% at 15min after [(11)C]MADAM injection. HPLC analysis of brain sample after [(11)C]MADAM injection to rats demonstrated that [(11)C]SOMADAM was not detected in the brain.

Conclusions: (11)C]SOMADAM is not superior over [(11)C]MADAM as a SERT PET radioligand. Nevertheless, [(11)C]SOMADAM has been identified as a minor labeled metabolite of [(11)C]MADAM measured in monkey plasma. [(11)C]SOMADAM was not detected in rat brain.

Keywords: MADAM; Metabolism; Positron emission tomography; Serotonin transporter.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Artifacts
  • Benzylamines / chemistry
  • Benzylamines / metabolism*
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Macaca fascicularis
  • Male
  • Positron-Emission Tomography / methods*
  • Radiochemistry
  • Rats
  • Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Benzylamines
  • Ligands
  • N,N-dimethyl-2-(2-amino-4-methylphenylthio)benzylamine
  • Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins