Does delay in appendectomy affect surgical site infection in children with appendicitis?

J Pediatr Surg. 2014 Jun;49(6):1026-9; discussion 1029. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2014.01.044. Epub 2014 Feb 5.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between time from diagnosis to operation and surgical site infection (SSI) in children undergoing appendectomy.

Methods: Pediatric patients undergoing appendectomy in 2010-2012 were included. We collected data on patient demographics; length of symptoms; times of presentation, admission and surgery; antibiotic administration; operative findings; and occurrence of SSI.

Results: 1388 patients were analyzed. SSI occurred in 5.1% of all patients, 1.4% of simple appendicitis (SA) patients, and 12.4% of complex appendicitis (CA) patients. SSI did not increase significantly as the length of time between ED triage and operation increased (all patients, p=0.51; SA patients, p=0.91; CA patients, p=0.44) or with increased time from admission to operation (all patients, p=0.997; SA patients, p=0.69; CA patients, p=0.96). However, greater length of symptoms was associated with an increased risk of SSI (p<0.05 for all, SA and CA patients). In univariable analysis, obesity, and increased admission WBC count were each associated with significantly increased SSI. In multivariable analysis, only CA was a significant risk factor for SSI (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: We found no significant increase in the risk of SSI related to delay in appendectomy. A future multi-institutional study is planned to confirm these results.

Keywords: Appendectomy; Complex appendicitis; Elevated leukocyte count; Laparoscopic conversion; Obesity; Surgical site infection.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Appendectomy / methods*
  • Appendicitis / diagnosis
  • Appendicitis / surgery*
  • Child
  • Early Diagnosis*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Laparoscopy / methods
  • Length of Stay / trends
  • Male
  • Ohio / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Surgical Wound Infection / epidemiology*
  • Surgical Wound Infection / prevention & control
  • Time Factors