Food stockpiles and methods of ensuring food availability after the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011 have been studied. Questionnaires were sent to 1911 registered dietitians and general dietitians who were members of the Japan Dietetic Association in August 2012. Four hundred thirty-five dietitians (22.8%) completed the questionnaire about work involved in feeding facilities, types and administration of meals, and food stockpiles. Methods of ensuring food availability, preparation, and accommodating food for special dietary uses were recorded for the three-day period immediately following the earthquake, and the period from 4 days to one month after the earthquake. Three days after the earthquake, differences in administration of meals at feeding facilities providing three meals daily, food stockpiles, organization, contactable facilities, and how to contact them for food items were assessed. Sixty-nine percent of all feeding facilities in this study had stockpiles of food before the Great East Japan Earthquake. Administration of meals in feeding facilities and the possibility of contact with cooperative feeding facilities were found to correlate positively with ensuring the availability of food groups. Food scores were higher in facilities providing three meals daily by direct administration of meals and with accessible public administrators, cooperative facilities and suppliers, and facilities that were contactable by landline telephone, mobile phone, fax or email. The necessity for natural disaster-readiness through continuous stockpiling food at feeding facilities is confirmed. Each prospective feeding facility must be required to plan its stockpiles, their turnover and replaceability to maximise food security in the face of disaster.
本课题研究了日本2011 年3 月11 日东部大地震之后的食品库存以及确保食品 供应的方法。2012 年8 月研究人员将问卷发给了日本营养师协会的1911 名注 册营养师和普通营养师。435 名营养师(22.8%)完成了关于食品用具、类型、饭 菜的处理和食品的储存情况的问卷。研究记录了震后三天内以及从震后第四天 到一个月之间确保食物供应的方法、食物的准备和一些特殊用途食物的储存。 地震三天后，对供餐点提供每日三餐、食物的储存、组织和管理、以及如何能 联系到供餐点进行了评估。本研究中，在日本东部大地震之前69%的供餐点 都有食物贮备。供餐点食物的供给和与供餐点有合作关系的食物集团现存食物 成正相关。能直接提供一日三餐、公众容易找到、提供有有线电话、手机、传 真和电子邮件的供餐点的评分较高。本研究证实了为自然灾害在供餐点贮备食 物的必要性。必须要求每个未来供餐点规划它的食物贮备、定期更换和可替代 性，以最大限度地提高在灾难面前的粮食安全。