Molecular Screening of Keratoconus Susceptibility Sequence Variants in VSX1, TGFBI, DOCK9, STK24, and IPO5 Genes in Polish Patients and Novel TGFBI Variant Identification

Ophthalmic Genet. 2016;37(1):37-43. doi: 10.3109/13816810.2014.926375. Epub 2014 Jun 18.

Abstract

Purpose: Keratoconus (KTCN) is a degenerative disorder of the eye that results in the conical shape and thinning of the cornea and is a leading cause for corneal transplantations. A number of studies suggest that genetic factors play a role in KTCN etiology. Some candidate gene variants have recently been shown to be associated with KTCN. The purpose of our study was to verify the role of VSX1, TGFBI, DOCK9, IPO5, and STK24 sequence variants in Polish KTCN patients.

Methods: Forty-two Polish patients with sporadic KTCN and 50 control individuals were enrolled into this study. Both affected and unaffected individuals underwent detailed ophthalmic examination. The mutations screening in the candidate genes was performed by the direct sequencing method.

Results: Analysis of VSX1, TGFBI, DOCK9, IPO5, and STK24 genes identified numerous sequence variants. Variants c.-264_-255delGGGGTGGGGT, c.627 + 23G > A, c.809-6_809-5insT, and c.*200G > T in the VSX1 gene, and heterozygous c.1598G > A mutation (Arg533Gln) in exon 12 of TGFBI were detected for the first time in KTCN patients. Two known sequence variants of TGFBI c.1620T > C (Phe540Phe) and c.1678 + 23G > A were observed in KTCN patients and control individuals. The newly reported c.717 + 43A > G substitution in intron 7 of DOCK9 was identified in both KTCN patients and healthy individuals.

Conclusions: Our investigation showed that KTCN-related sequence variants of analyzed genes were found in a very small proportion of the studied patients indicating that genes other than VSX1, TGFBI, DOCK9, IPO5, and STK24 are involved in the development and progression of KTCN in Polish patients. Our results support the hypothesis about the genetic heterogeneity of KTCN.

Keywords: Candidate genes; TGFBI; VSX1; keratoconus; molecular screening.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / genetics
  • Eye Proteins / genetics*
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease*
  • Genetic Testing
  • Genomic Structural Variation / genetics*
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / genetics
  • Homeodomain Proteins / genetics
  • Humans
  • Keratoconus / genetics*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Poland
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / genetics
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / genetics
  • Young Adult
  • beta Karyopherins / genetics

Substances

  • DOCK9 protein, human
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • Eye Proteins
  • Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors
  • Homeodomain Proteins
  • IPO5 protein, human
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • VSX1 protein, human
  • beta Karyopherins
  • betaIG-H3 protein
  • STK24 protein, human
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases