Isolated keratinized gingiva incision in alveolar cleft bone grafts improves qualitative outcomes: a single surgeon's 23 year experience

J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2014 Dec;42(8):1692-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 14.

Abstract

Background: Few publications have described the flap design of the secondary cleft alveoloplasty. In this article we describe a modified technique of the classical flap design with the purpose of minimizing injury to the dental papillae and periodontium of the involved dentition. We report our long-term experience, specifically with regards to oronasal fistulae recurrence, wound healing and graft exposure and loss.

Methods: All the patients were operated on using the same technique by a single surgeon. A total of 148 clefts have been operated with this approach, involving 117 patients with complete cleft lip and palate with a follow-up between 12 and 240 months.

Results: The most important finding in this study is the excellent wound healing observed in almost all patients. Only three patients (2%) suffered a dehiscence with oronasal fistulae recurrence and bone loss. Another patient lost the graft without fistula recurrence. Minor dehiscence with partial bone loss occurred in 4 patients (2.7%). These patients did not need surgical closure and only superficial exposed bone particles were lost without compromising the clinical outcome.

Conclusions: Our modification presents a flap design that is easy to elevate and mobilize, without disturbing the buccal sulcus or the gingival inter-dental papillae.

Keywords: Alveolar bone graft; Cleft lip and palate; Incision design; Keratinized gingiva.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Alveoloplasty / methods*
  • Bone Transplantation / methods
  • Child
  • Cleft Lip / surgery*
  • Cleft Palate / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gingivoplasty / methods*
  • Graft Survival
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Mouth Mucosa / surgery
  • Nasal Mucosa / surgery
  • Nose Diseases / surgery
  • Oral Fistula / surgery
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Recurrence
  • Respiratory Tract Fistula / surgery
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surgical Flaps / surgery*
  • Surgical Wound Dehiscence / etiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wound Healing / physiology
  • Young Adult