The Chicago classification of motility disorders: an update

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2014 Oct;24(4):545-61. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2014.07.001. Epub 2014 Aug 1.

Abstract

The Chicago Classification defines esophageal motility disorders in high resolution manometry. This is based on individual scoring of 10 swallows performed in supine position. Disorders of esophago-gastric junction (EGJ) outflow obstruction are defined by a median integrated relaxation pressure above the limit of normal and divided into 3 achalasia subtypes and EGJ outflow obstruction. Major motility disorders (aperistalsis, distal esophageal spasm, and hypercontractile esophagus) are patterns not encountered in controls in the context of normal EGJ relaxation. Finally with the latest version of the Chicago Classification, only two minor motor disorders are considered: ineffective esophageal motility and fragmented peristalsis.

Keywords: Achalasia; Aperistalsis; Distal esophageal spasm; Esophageal high-resolution manometry; Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction; Hypercontractile esophagus; Ineffective esophageal motility.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Deglutition / physiology
  • Esophageal Motility Disorders / classification*
  • Esophageal Motility Disorders / physiopathology
  • Esophagogastric Junction / physiopathology*
  • Esophagus / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Manometry
  • Peristalsis / physiology