How big is your Y? A genome sequence-based estimate of the size of the male-specific region in Megaselia scalaris

G3 (Bethesda). 2014 Nov 7;5(1):45-8. doi: 10.1534/g3.114.015057.

Abstract

The scuttle fly, Megaselia scalaris, is often cited as a model in which to study early sex chromosome evolution because of its homomorphic sex chromosomes, low but measurable molecular differentiation between sex chromosomes, and occasional transposition of the male-determining element to different chromosomes in laboratory cultures. Counterintuitively, natural isolates consistently show sex linkage to the second chromosome. Frequent natural transposition of the male-determining element should lead to the loss of male specificity of any nontransposed material on the previous sex-linked chromosome pair. Using next-generation sequencing data from a newly obtained natural isolate of M. scalaris, we show that even highly conservative estimates for the size of the male-specific genome are likely too large to be contained within a transposable element. This result strongly suggests that transposition of the male-determining region either is extremely rare or has not persisted recently in natural populations, allowing for differentiation of the sex chromosomes of this species.

Keywords: YGS; male-specific; neo-Y chromosome; sex chromosome evolution.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Diptera / genetics*
  • Evolution, Molecular
  • Female
  • Genome, Insect
  • Male
  • Y Chromosome / genetics*