Detecting event-related recurrences by symbolic analysis: applications to human language processing

Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci. 2015 Feb 13;373(2034):20140089. doi: 10.1098/rsta.2014.0089.

Abstract

Quasi-stationarity is ubiquitous in complex dynamical systems. In brain dynamics, there is ample evidence that event-related potentials (ERPs) reflect such quasi-stationary states. In order to detect them from time series, several segmentation techniques have been proposed. In this study, we elaborate a recent approach for detecting quasi-stationary states as recurrence domains by means of recurrence analysis and subsequent symbolization methods. We address two pertinent problems of contemporary recurrence analysis: optimizing the size of recurrence neighbourhoods and identifying symbols from different realizations for sequence alignment. As possible solutions for these problems, we suggest a maximum entropy criterion and a Hausdorff clustering algorithm. The resulting recurrence domains for single-subject ERPs are obtained as partition cells reflecting quasi-stationary brain states.

Keywords: brain microstates; electroencephalography; language processing; recurrence analysis; symbolic dynamics.