Triple-stimulation technique improves the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy

Muscle Nerve. 2015 Apr;51(4):541-8. doi: 10.1002/mus.24352. Epub 2015 Jan 9.

Abstract

Introduction: A difficult clinical situation occurs when a chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) patient does not fulfill any of the diagnostic criteria. Moreover, nerve conduction studies (NCS) can be consistent with axonal neuropathy and lead to misdiagnosis.

Methods: We aimed to assess the usefulness of the triple-stimulation technique (TST) for detection of proximal conduction blocks (CBs) in patients with axonal-like CIDP. Four patients with axonal-like CIDP were studied and compared with 10 typical CIDP patients. In the axonal-like group, NCS showed a decrease in compound muscle action potential amplitude without features of demyelination, but nerve biopsy showed features of demyelination in all 4.

Results: Twelve nerves were tested with TST, and 8 CBs were detected between the root emergence and the Erb point in the 4 patients, all of whom improved after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin.

Conclusion: TST can identify very proximal CBs in CIDP. The sensitivity of nerve conduction studies may be improved by TST in CIDP.

Keywords: CIDP; conduction block; demyelinating neuropathy; transcranial magnetic stimulation; triple-stimulation technique.

MeSH terms

  • Axons / pathology
  • Axons / physiology*
  • Electric Stimulation* / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / diagnosis
  • Inflammation / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neural Conduction / physiology*
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / diagnosis
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / physiopathology
  • Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome