CDK-1 and two B-type cyclins promote PAR-6 stabilization during polarization of the early C. elegans embryo

PLoS One. 2015 Feb 6;10(2):e0117656. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117656. eCollection 2015.

Abstract

In the C. elegans embryo, formation of an antero-posterior axis of polarity relies on signaling by the conserved PAR proteins, which localize asymmetrically in two mutually exclusive groups at the embryonic cortex. Depletion of any PAR protein causes a loss of polarity and embryonic lethality. A genome-wide RNAi screen previously identified two B-type cyclins, cyb-2.1 and cyb-2.2, as suppressors of par-2(it5ts) lethality. We found that the loss of cyb-2.1 or cyb-2.2 suppressed the lethality and polarity defects of par-2(it5ts) mutants and that these cyclins act in cell polarity with their cyclin-dependent kinase partner, CDK-1. Interestingly, cyb-2.1; cyb-2.2 double mutants did not show defects in cell cycle progression or timing of polarity establishment, suggesting that they regulate polarity independently of their typical role in cell cycle progression. Loss of both cyclin genes or of cdk-1 resulted in a decrease in PAR-6 levels in the embryo. Furthermore, the activity of the cullin CUL-2 was required to achieve suppression of par-2 lethality when both cyclins were absent. Our results support a model in which CYB-2.1/2/CDK-1 antagonize CUL-2 activity to promote stabilization of PAR-6 levels during polarization of the early C. elegans embryo. They also suggest that CYB-2.1 and CYB-2.2 contribute to the coupling of cell cycle progression and asymmetric segregation of cell fate determinants.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Animals, Genetically Modified
  • Body Patterning / physiology
  • CDC2 Protein Kinase / metabolism*
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / metabolism*
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Cycle / physiology
  • Cyclin B / metabolism*
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian / metabolism*

Substances

  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Cyclin B
  • par-6 protein, C elegans
  • CDC2 Protein Kinase

Grants and funding

AR held studentships from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR; http://www.cihr.ca) and the Cole Foundation (http://colefoundation.ca). This work was funded by a grant from the Cancer Research Society of Canada (http://www.crs-src.ca) to JCL, who holds the Canada Research Chair in Cell Division and Differentiation. The Institute of Research in Immunology and Cancer is supported in part by the Canada Foundation for Innovation (http://www.innovation.ca) and the Fonds de Recherche du Québec—Santé (http://www.frsq.gouv.qc.ca). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.