Laparoscopic Radical Hysterectomy After Concomitant Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer: A Prospective Phase II Study

J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2015 Jul-Aug;22(5):877-83. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2015.04.014. Epub 2015 Apr 28.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the feasibility of laparoscopic radical surgery in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) who receive chemoradiation therapy (CT/RT).

Design: Prospective phase II study (Canadian Task Force classification II-1).

Intervention: Patients with LACC (FIGO stage IB2-III) were evaluated for accrual at the Gynecologic Oncology Unit of Catholic University, Rome/Campobasso. Neoadjuvant CT/RT included whole-pelvic irradiation (total dose, 45.0-50.4 Gy) combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Objective response to treatment was evaluated according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria. Laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (RH) plus pelvic and/or aortic lymphadenectomy was attempted within 6 to 8 weeks after CT/RT. The feasibility of laparoscopic RH, as well as the rate, pattern, and severity of early and late postoperative complications, were analyzed.

Results: Between January 2010 and October 2013, a total of 58 patients were enrolled into the study. After CT/RT, 23 patients (39.6%) underwent type B2 RH, 31 (53.4%) underwent type C1 RH, and 4 (6.9%) underwent type C2 RH. Pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in all cases. Laparoscopic RH was feasible in 55 of 58 cases (feasibility rate, 94.8%). No intraoperative complications were recorded. During the observation period (median, 22 months; range, 5-50 months), there were 28 complications, of which only 21.4% were grade 2 complications and 14.3% were grade 3 complications. As of January 2015, disease recurrence was documented in 4 cases (6.9%).

Conclusion: Total laparoscopic radical surgery is feasible in patients with LACC receiving preoperative CT/RT, providing perioperative outcomes comparable to those registered in early-stage disease.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; Laparoscopy; Neoadiuvant chemoradiation; Radical hysterectomy.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase II

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery*
  • Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant
  • Cisplatin / therapeutic use
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hysterectomy*
  • Italy
  • Laparoscopy*
  • Lymph Node Excision*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy / methods
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / prevention & control*
  • Postoperative Complications / surgery
  • Prospective Studies
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / surgery*

Substances

  • Cisplatin