Non-extended cryoablation could be a new strategy in lung cancer management: An experiment on green fluorescent protein-labeled Lewis lung cancer-bearing mice

Abstract

Modern cryoablation has been performed in solid tumor management for more than two decades. Following the surgical spirits, it seems natural to pursue radical procedures in clinical practice, which results in unnecessary adverse effects. The attempt to use non-extended procedure made some marked achievements in practice but was criticized severely, because it was supposed to induce residual tumors, which would trigger the rapid development of cancer. Oncologists favored this procedure, however, claiming that non-extended cryoablation let lung cancer patients have higher quality of lives and longer survivals, in light of clinical observations. Therefore, this study was conducted trying to solve this controversy. In this study, fifty female C57BL/6J mice were grafted green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled Lewis lung cancer and randomized into two groups. The bidirectional diameters and fluorescence intensity of tumors, and the body weight of mice were recorded. Two weeks after the intervention, tumor volumes increased 20.95% in the cryoablation group, significantly different from that in the control group; the fluorescence intensity decreased 49.85% in the cryoablation group but increased 125.07% in the control group. Lung metastases could be observed in only 20% of mice in the cryosurgery group, contrasted to 64% in the control group. The non-extended lung cancer cryoablation does induce marginal tumor residuals, but will not trigger rapid tumor development. Inversely, the residual tumor cells are severely struck and the metastases are suppressed after the intervention. It could be a new strategy in lung cancer management, even for patients not in early stage.

Keywords: Cryoablation method; Efficacy; Green fluorescent protein-labeled; Green therapy; Lewis lung cancer; Lung cancer; Non-extended cryoablation.