A retrospective cohort study of age-based differences in the care of hospitalized patients with sudden clinical deterioration

J Crit Care. 2015 Oct;30(5):1025-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2015.05.018. Epub 2015 Jun 1.

Abstract

Purpose: The proportion of elderly patients is increasing, but it is unknown if there are age-based differences in care of hospitalized patients with sudden clinical deterioration. We sought to examine the relation between patient age and care for hospitalized patients experiencing sudden clinical deterioration.

Methods: We identified hospitalized adults (n = 5103) in 4 hospitals with sudden clinical deteriorations triggering medical emergency team (MET) activation between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2009. We compared intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates (within 2 hours of MET activation), goals of care (resuscitative vs nonresuscitative), and hospital mortality according to age (<50, 50-64, 65-79, and 80+ years), adjusting for patient, physician, and hospital characteristics.

Results: Age was associated with decreased likelihood of admission to ICU (P < .0001) and increased likelihood of change in goals of care (P < .0001). Compared to patients younger than 50 years, patients 80 years or older had 67% lower odds of ICU admission (odds ratio, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.41) and 587% higher odds (odds ratio, 6.87; 95% confidence interval, 4.20-11.26) of having their goals of care changed to exclude resuscitation. Hospital mortality was associated with patient age, ranging from 15% to 46% (P < .0001).

Conclusions: Patient age is associated with care for hospitalized patients with sudden clinical deterioration, suggesting that strategies to guide care of elderly patients during MET activation may be beneficial.

Keywords: Age; Critical care; Hospital rapid response team; Mortality; Patient care planning.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Canada / epidemiology
  • Comorbidity
  • Critical Illness / mortality*
  • Critical Illness / therapy
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Frail Elderly*
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Hospital Rapid Response Team* / statistics & numerical data
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units / statistics & numerical data*
  • Male
  • Odds Ratio
  • Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors