[Inflammatory and infectious breast mastitis outside of pregnancy and lactation: Guidelines]

Abstract

Objectives: This work's objective was to define the various non-cancerous inflammatory and infectious mastitis, which may occur outside of pregnancy and lactation, and to identify recommendations for their care based on an exhaustive literature review.

Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted by consulting Medline, Cochrane Library, Google scholar and international recommendations in French and English until 31st August 2014.

Results and conclusion: Infectious mastitis (periareolar abscess) is the most common form of non-puerperal abscesses and it is recommended that a suction/drainage needle for abscesses under 5 cm, involving antibiotic therapy (grade C). For abscesses over 5 cm, there is no evidence to recommend a first surgery or suction/drainage. Inflammatory mastitis can be primary or secondary to a systemic disease (diabetes, collagen…; LE4). In case of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, a steroid therapy or surgery may be indicated, without one or the other of these methods can be recommended. In case of plasma cell mastitis or ductal ectasia, no treatment is recommended.

Keywords: Abcès péri-aréolaire; Abcès rétro-aréolaire; Ductal ectasia; Ectasie canalaire; Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis; Mastite granulomateuse idiopathique; Mastite plasmocytaire; Periareolar abscess; Plasma cell mastitis; Retro-areolar abscess.