Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery and Cardiac Intensive Care

Gary Lau; Ron Wald; Robert Sladen; C David Mazer

doi:10.1177/1089253215593177

Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgery and Cardiac Intensive Care

Semin Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2015 Dec;19(4):270-87. doi: 10.1177/1089253215593177.

Authors

Gary Lau¹, Ron Wald², Robert Sladen³, C David Mazer⁴

Affiliations

¹ Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester, UK.
² Department of Medicine, Keenan Research Center at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
³ College of Physicians & Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
⁴ Department of Anesthesia, Keenan Research Center at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada mazerd@smh.ca.

PMID: 26660051
DOI: 10.1177/1089253215593177

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious postoperative complication following cardiac surgery. Despite the incidence of AKI requiring temporary renal replacement therapy being low, it is nonetheless associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, preventing AKI associated with cardiac surgery can dramatically improve outcomes in these patients. The pathogenesis of AKI is multifactorial and many attempts to prevent or treat renal injury have been met with limited success. In this article, we will discuss the incidence and risk factors for cardiac surgery associated AKI, including the pathophysiology, potential biomarkers of injury, and treatment modalities.

Keywords: cardiac anesthesia; cardiopulmonary bypass; coagulation; hemostasis.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Acute Kidney Injury / etiology*
Acute Kidney Injury / prevention & control
Acute Kidney Injury / therapy
Biomarkers
Cardiac Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*
Humans
Incidence
Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
Renal Replacement Therapy / methods
Risk Factors

Substances

Biomarkers