Diabetes and Glucose Metabolism in Thalassemia Major: An Update

Expert Rev Hematol. 2016;9(4):401-8. doi: 10.1586/17474086.2016.1136209. Epub 2016 Feb 12.

Abstract

In patients with TM, uncontrolled iron overload has serious clinical consequences with considerable morbidity and mortality. Complications include liver damage, cardiac disease and endocrine dysfunction. Diabetes is an important complication of TM. The mechanisms of abnormal glucose homeostasis are complex and multifactorial. This review updates the current knowledge about glycemic abnormalities in TM patients and directs the attention to an early diagnosis and proper management.

Keywords: Continuous glucose monitoring system; Glucose homeostasis; Iron overload; Magnetic resonance imaging; Thalassemia; Treatment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus / etiology
  • Ferritins / blood
  • Glucose / metabolism*
  • Heart Diseases / complications
  • Humans
  • Iron Chelating Agents / chemistry
  • Iron Chelating Agents / therapeutic use
  • Iron Overload / complications
  • Iron Overload / drug therapy
  • Iron Overload / mortality
  • Risk Factors
  • beta-Thalassemia / complications*
  • beta-Thalassemia / epidemiology
  • beta-Thalassemia / mortality

Substances

  • Iron Chelating Agents
  • Ferritins
  • Glucose