Introduction: Among the oral anti-diabetic drugs, Dipeptidyl peptidase - 4(DPP-4) inhibitor is an emerging class of drugs. Inhibitors of DPP-4 enzyme like Sitagliptin and Vildagliptin have shown Anti-oxidant properties in many studies, both invivo and invitro. It has also been characterized as an apoptotic agent on pancreatic cancer cells. In the following study, Anticancer effect of DPP 4 inhibitors on colon cell lines (HT-29) using MTT assay- {3 -4, 5-dimethyl (thiazol - 2 -yl) -3, 5- dimethyl tetrazolium bromide} assay was elucidated.
Aim: To elucidate and compare the anticancer potential of two DPP 4 inhibitors using in-vitro MTT assay on colorectal cell lines (HT-29).
Materials and methods: We treated HT-29 cell lines with two DPP 4 inhibitors. HT-29 cells were incubated at 37(0)C and drug samples were added in various concentrations and incubated for 24 hours. MTT dye was added to the sample and it was incubated for 4 hours. One ml of DMSO was added Using an Ultraviolet-Spectrophotometer, measurement of absorbance was done at 570nm following which the half maximal inhibitory concentration was graphically estimated in relation to the percentage of viability of the cell and the sample concentration.
Results: We found that both the drugs have shown anticancer activity starting from low to high concentrations when compared with the control using MTT assay. The IC 50 value of Sitagliptin is 31.2 mcg/ml and Vildagliptin is 125 mcg/ml.
Conclusion: From this study, we found that the drugs have significant Anti-Cancer property, which would probably play a role as cytotoxic agent in tumour cells. Sitagliptin was found to be more potent than Vildagliptin in colon cancer cell lines.
Keywords: Anticancer activity; Colorectal cell lines; MTT assay.