Impact of chronic kidney disease on left atrial appendage occlusion for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation

Int J Cardiol. 2016 Mar 15:207:335-40. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.01.003. Epub 2016 Jan 9.

Abstract

Background: Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) using the Amplatzer cardiac plug (ACP) is a preventive treatment of atrial fibrillation related thromboembolism.

Aim: To assess the safety and efficacy of LAAO in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods: Among the ACP multicentre registry, 1014 patients (75±8yrs) with available renal function were included.

Results: Patients with CKD (N=375, CHA2DS2-VASc: 4.9±1.5, HASBLED: 3.4±1.3) were at higher risk than patients without CKD (N=639, CHA2DS2-VASc: 4.2±1.6, HASBLED: 2.9±1.2; p<0.001 for both). Procedural (97%) and occlusion (99%) success were similarly high in all stages of CKD. Peri-procedural major adverse events (MAE) were observed in 5.1% of patients, 0.8% of death, with no difference between patients with and those without CKD (6.1 vs 4.5%, p=0.47). In patients with complete follow-up (1319 patients years), the annual stroke+transient ischaemic attack (TIA) rate was 2.3% and the observed bleeding rate was 2.1% (62 and 60% less than expected, similarly among patients with and those without CKD). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a lower overall survival (84 vs 96% and 84 vs 93% at 1 and 2yrs. respectively; p<0.001) among patients with an eGFR <30ml/min/1.73m(2).

Conclusion: LAAO using the ACP has a similar procedural safety among CKD patients compared to patients with normal renal function. LAAO with ACP offers a dramatic reduction of stroke+TIA rate and of bleeding rate persistent in all stages of CKD, as compared to the expected annual risk.

Keywords: Amplatzer cardiac plug; Bleeding; Left atrial appendage; Renal failure; Stroke.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Atrial Appendage / surgery*
  • Atrial Fibrillation / epidemiology
  • Atrial Fibrillation / surgery*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Atria / surgery*
  • Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Hemorrhage / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Registries
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / surgery*
  • Septal Occluder Device*
  • Stroke / epidemiology
  • Stroke / prevention & control*
  • Treatment Outcome