Risk factors and sources of foodborne hepatitis E virus infection in the United States

J Med Virol. 2016 Sep;88(9):1641-5. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24497. Epub 2016 Mar 17.

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an important human pathogen with pigs and other species serving as natural animal reservoirs. Ample evidence documents sporadic cases of hepatitis E acquired via consumption of undercooked meat. Chronic hepatitis E cases in immunosuppressed individuals are mostly caused by zoonotic HEV of swine origin. We report here the identification of genotype 3 HEV from non-liver commercial pork from local grocery stores in southwest Virginia, and association of HEV seropositivity to the consumption of undercooked meat in healthy young adults at a university in the United States. These results raise concerns about foodborne HEV transmission in the United States. J. Med. Virol. 88:1641-1645, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: HEV transmission; pork contamination; seroprevalence; zoonosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Disease Reservoirs / virology*
  • Female
  • Foodborne Diseases / prevention & control
  • Foodborne Diseases / virology*
  • Genotype
  • Hepatitis E / epidemiology*
  • Hepatitis E / prevention & control
  • Hepatitis E / transmission*
  • Hepatitis E / virology
  • Hepatitis E virus / genetics
  • Hepatitis E virus / immunology
  • Hepatitis E virus / isolation & purification
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Red Meat / virology*
  • Risk Factors
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
  • Swine
  • Swine Diseases / epidemiology
  • Swine Diseases / transmission*
  • Swine Diseases / virology
  • United States / epidemiology
  • Young Adult