Divergent microtubule assembly rates after short- versus long-term loss of end-modulating kinesins

Mol Biol Cell. 2016 Apr 15;27(8):1300-9. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E15-11-0803. Epub 2016 Feb 24.

Abstract

Depletion of microtubule (MT) regulators can initiate stable alterations in MT assembly rates that affect chromosome instability and mitotic spindle function, but the manner by which cellular MT assembly rates can stably increase or decrease is not understood. To investigate this phenomenon, we measured the response of microtubule assembly to both rapid and long-term loss of MT regulators MCAK/Kif2C and Kif18A. Depletion of MCAK/Kif2C by siRNA stably decreases MT assembly rates in mitotic spindles, whereas depletion of Kif18A stably increases rates of assembly. Surprisingly, this is not phenocopied by rapid rapamycin-dependent relocalization of MCAK/Kif2C and Kif18A to the plasma membrane. Instead, this treatment yields opposite affects on MT assembly. Rapidly increased MT assembly rates are balanced by a decrease in nucleated microtubules, whereas nucleation appears to be maximal and limiting for decreased MT assembly rates and also for long-term treatments. We measured amplified tubulin synthesis during long-term depletion of MT regulators and hypothesize that this is the basis for different phenotypes arising from long-term versus rapid depletion of MT regulators.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • HCT116 Cells / cytology
  • HCT116 Cells / drug effects
  • HeLa Cells / cytology
  • HeLa Cells / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Kinesins / genetics
  • Kinesins / metabolism*
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • Microtubules / drug effects
  • Microtubules / genetics
  • Microtubules / metabolism*
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
  • Sirolimus / pharmacology
  • Spindle Apparatus / metabolism
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • KIF2C protein, human
  • MAPRE1 protein, human
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • KIF18A protein, human
  • Kinesins
  • Tacrolimus Binding Proteins
  • Sirolimus