Emerging Roles of Epigenetic Regulator Sin3 in Cancer

Adv Cancer Res. 2016:130:113-35. doi: 10.1016/bs.acr.2016.01.006. Epub 2016 Mar 2.

Abstract

Revolutionizing treatment strategies is an urgent clinical need in the fight against cancer. Recently the scientific community has recognized chromatin-associated proteins as promising therapeutic candidates. However, there is a need to develop more targeted epigenetic inhibitors with less toxicity. Sin3 family is one such target which consists of evolutionary conserved proteins with two paralogues Sin3A and Sin3B. Sin3A/B are global transcription regulators that provide a versatile platform for diverse chromatin-modifying activities. Sin3 proteins regulate key cellular functions that include cell cycle, proliferation, and differentiation, and have recently been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. In this chapter, we summarize the key concepts of Sin3 biology and elaborate the recent advancements in the role of Sin3 proteins in cancer with specific examples in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and triple negative breast cancer. Finally, a program to create an integrative approach for screening antitumor agents that target chromatin-associated factors like Sin3 is presented.

Keywords: Cancer stem cells; Epigenetics; HDAC; Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2; Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; Sin3A; Sin3B; Triple negative breast cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / pathology
  • Cell Cycle / genetics
  • Cell Differentiation / genetics
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • Chromatin
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a / genetics
  • Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a / pathology
  • Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Repressor Proteins / genetics*
  • Sin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor Complex
  • Transcription, Genetic / genetics*
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms

Substances

  • Chromatin
  • Repressor Proteins
  • SIN3A transcription factor
  • SIN3B protein, human
  • Sin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor Complex