Role of CX3CL1 in Diseases

Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz). 2016 Oct;64(5):371-83. doi: 10.1007/s00005-016-0395-9. Epub 2016 Apr 20.

Abstract

Chemokines are a family of small 8-10 kDa inducible cytokines. Initially characterized as chemotactic factors, they are now considered to affect not just cellular recruitment. CX3CL1 is a unique chemokine that can exist in a soluble form, as a chemotactic cytokine, or in a membrane-attached form that acts as a binding molecule. Recently, the effects of CX3CL1 on diseases, such as inflammation and cancer, have been supported and confirmed by numerous publications. However, due to its dual effects, CX3CL1 exerts numerous effects on pathophysiological conditions that have both negative and positive consequences on pathogenesis and outcome. This review article summarizes the important scientific and clinical data that now point to a critical role for CX3CL1 in diseases.

Keywords: CX3CL1; Chemokine; Disease.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / complications
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis / metabolism
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / metabolism
  • Cell Adhesion
  • Chemokine CX3CL1 / metabolism*
  • Chemokines / metabolism
  • Chemotaxis
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • HIV Infections / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / complications
  • Inflammation / metabolism*
  • Leukocytes / cytology
  • Macular Degeneration / complications
  • Macular Degeneration / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Nervous System Diseases / complications
  • Nervous System Diseases / metabolism
  • Pain / metabolism
  • Receptors, Chemokine / metabolism*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • CX3CL1 protein, human
  • Chemokine CX3CL1
  • Chemokines
  • Cytokines
  • Receptors, Chemokine