With the introduction of a national screening program for colorectal cancer, an increasing number of colorectal neoplasias, including low-risk T1-carcinomas, is identified and resected endoscopically. Existing techniques for endoscopic resection do not always suffice. Currently, surgery is the only available option in these cases. Endoscopic full-thickness resection (eFTR) is a minimally invasive alternative to surgery for resection of non-lifting adenomas, adenomas in difficult-to-reach locations - such as the diverticulum - and for ensuring radical endoscopic resection in T1-carcinomas. The first results of research involving this new technique are promising. Prospective studies comparing the efficacy and safety of eFTR versus surgical resection are indicated.