Real time application of whole genome sequencing for outbreak investigation - What is an achievable turnaround time?

Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016 Jul;85(3):277-282. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2016.04.020. Epub 2016 Apr 30.

Abstract

Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly employed in clinical settings, though few assessments of turnaround times (TAT) have been performed in real-time. In this study, WGS was used to investigate an unfolding outbreak of vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) among 3 patients in the ICU of a tertiary care hospital. Including overnight culturing, a TAT of just 48.5 h for a comprehensive report was achievable using an Illumina Miseq benchtop sequencer. WGS revealed that isolates from patient 2 and 3 differed from that of patient 1 by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), indicating nosocomial transmission. However, the unparalleled resolution provided by WGS suggested that nosocomial transmission involved two separate events from patient 1 to patient 2 and 3, and not a linear transmission suspected by the time line. Rapid TAT's are achievable using WGS in the clinical setting and can provide an unprecedented level of resolution for outbreak investigations.

Keywords: Enterococcus faecium; Turnaround time; Whole genome sequencing.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cross Infection / epidemiology
  • Cross Infection / microbiology
  • Disease Outbreaks*
  • Enterococcus faecium / classification
  • Enterococcus faecium / genetics
  • Enterococcus faecium / isolation & purification*
  • Female
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / epidemiology*
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / microbiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Molecular Epidemiology / methods*
  • Molecular Typing / methods*
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA / methods*
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Time Factors
  • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci / classification
  • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci / genetics
  • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci / isolation & purification*