Configuring Electronic States in an Atomically Precise Array of Quantum Boxes

Sylwia Nowakowska; Aneliia Wäckerlin; Ignacio Piquero-Zulaica; Jan Nowakowski; Shigeki Kawai; Christian Wäckerlin; Manfred Matena; Thomas Nijs; Shadi Fatayer; Olha Popova; Aisha Ahsan; S Fatemeh Mousavi; Toni Ivas; Ernst Meyer; Meike Stöhr; J Enrique Ortega; Jonas Björk; Lutz H Gade; Jorge Lobo-Checa; Thomas A Jung

doi:10.1002/smll.201600915

Configuring Electronic States in an Atomically Precise Array of Quantum Boxes

Small. 2016 Jul;12(28):3757-63. doi: 10.1002/smll.201600915. Epub 2016 Jun 8.

Authors

Sylwia Nowakowska¹, Aneliia Wäckerlin¹, Ignacio Piquero-Zulaica², Jan Nowakowski³, Shigeki Kawai^{1

4}, Christian Wäckerlin³, Manfred Matena^{1

5}, Thomas Nijs¹, Shadi Fatayer^{1

6}, Olha Popova¹, Aisha Ahsan¹, S Fatemeh Mousavi¹, Toni Ivas¹, Ernst Meyer¹, Meike Stöhr⁷, J Enrique Ortega^{2

5

8}, Jonas Björk⁹, Lutz H Gade¹⁰, Jorge Lobo-Checa^{11

12}, Thomas A Jung³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
² Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC/UPV-EHU)-Materials Physics Center, Manuel Lardizabal 5, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
³ Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232, Villigen, PSI, Switzerland.
⁴ PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
⁵ Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Manuel Lardizabal 4, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
⁶ Departamento de Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, 13083-859, Brazil.
⁷ Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
⁸ Departamento Física Aplicada I, Universidad del País Vasco, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain.
⁹ Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, IFM, Linköping University, Linköping, 581 83, Sweden.
¹⁰ Anorganisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
¹¹ Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
¹² Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain.

PMID: 27276517
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201600915

Abstract

A 2D array of electronically coupled quantum boxes is fabricated by means of on-surface self-assembly assuring ultimate precision of each box. The quantum states embedded in the boxes are configured by adsorbates, whose occupancy is controlled with atomic precision. The electronic interbox coupling can be maintained or significantly reduced by proper arrangement of empty and filled boxes.

Keywords: angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES); electron confinement; quantum boxes; scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS); surface states.