Personalized cancer vaccines: Targeting the cancer mutanome

Vaccine. 2017 Feb 15;35(7):1094-1100. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.05.073. Epub 2016 Jul 20.

Abstract

The development of next generation sequencing technologies has revolutionized our understanding of how specific genetic events contribute to cancer initiation and progression. Dramatic improvements in instrument design and efficiency, combined with significant cost reductions has permitted a systematic analysis of the mutational landscape in a variety of cancer types. At the same time, a detailed map of the cancer mutanome in individual cancers offers a unique opportunity to develop personalized cancer vaccine strategies targeting neoantigens. Recent studies in both preclinical models and human cancer patients demonstrate that neoantigens (1) are important targets following checkpoint inhibition therapy, (2) have been identified as the target of adoptive T cell therapies, and (3) can be successfully targeted with personalized vaccines. Taken together, these observations provide strong rationale for the clinical translation of personalized cancer vaccines.

Keywords: Cancer vaccine; Genome sequencing; Neoantigen; Personalized.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antigen Presentation
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / genetics
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / pathology
  • Cancer Vaccines / administration & dosage*
  • Cancer Vaccines / biosynthesis
  • Cancer Vaccines / genetics
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Genetic Vectors / chemistry
  • Genetic Vectors / metabolism
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy*
  • Mutation*
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Peptides / chemical synthesis
  • Peptides / immunology
  • Peptides / therapeutic use
  • Precision Medicine / instrumentation
  • Precision Medicine / methods*
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
  • Vaccines, DNA / biosynthesis
  • Vaccines, DNA / genetics
  • Vaccines, DNA / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Cancer Vaccines
  • Peptides
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Vaccines, DNA