Cancer screening has been considered as double-edged sword with both advantages and disadvantages. For decades, there have been strong interests in screening strategies for the early detection of cancers to reduce the mortality, especially breast X-ray(mammography)screening. However, several evidences also suggested that the benefit of reduction of breast-cancer mortality with mammography might become a problem due to the repeat mammography, subsequent biopsies, and overdiagnosis. And different screening strategies with different models, different intervals, and different target populations also incurred debates. After systematical analysis and discussion, we suggested to focus on high-risk population, improve the accuracy of screening technique, conduct the informed consent of participants, and explore individual screening mode in the screening of breast cancer.