Quantum Fluctuations of a Superconductor Order Parameter

Nanoscale Res Lett. 2016 Dec;11(1):364. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1582-7. Epub 2016 Aug 17.

Abstract

Tunneling I-V characteristics between very narrow titanium nanowires and "massive" superconducting aluminum were measured. The clear trend was observed: the thinner the titanium electrode, the broader the singularity at eV = Δ1(Al) + Δ2(Ti). The phenomenon can be explained by broadening of the gap edge of the quasi-one-dimensional titanium channels due to quantum fluctuations of the order parameter modulus |Δ2|. The range of the nanowire diameters, where the effect is pronounced, correlates with dimensions where the phase fluctuations of the complex superconducting order parameter Δ = |Δ|e(iφ), the quantum phase slips, broadening the R(T) dependencies, have been observed.

Keywords: Quantum fluctuations; Quasi-one-dimensional superconductivity; Tunneling.