Multifocal vascular lesions

Abstract

Multifocal vascular lesions are important to recognize and appropriately diagnose. Generally first noticed on the skin, multifocal vascular lesions may have systemic involvement. Distinguishing among the different types of multifocal vascular lesions is often based on clinical features; however, radiological imaging and/or biopsy are frequently needed to identify distinct features and guide treatment. Knowledge of the systemic associations that can occur with different vascular anomalies may reduce life-threatening complications, such as coagulopathy, bleeding, cardiac compromise, and neurologic sequelae. This review provides a synopsis of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, presentation, workup, and treatment of several well-recognized multifocal vascular tumors and malformations.

Keywords: blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome; capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation syndrome; cerebral cavernous malformations; congenital cutaneovisceral angiomatosis with thrombocytopenia; cutaneomucosal venous malformations; diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis; eruptive pyogenic granulomas; glomuvenous malformations; infantile hemangiomas; multifocal lymphangiomatosis with thrombocytopenia; vascular tumors.