Faecal incontinence in patients with a sphincter defect: comparison of sphincteroplasty and sacral nerve stimulation

Colorectal Dis. 2017 May;19(5):456-461. doi: 10.1111/codi.13510.

Abstract

Aim: Sphincteroplasty (SP) is used to treat faecal incontinence (FI) in patients with a sphincter defect. Although sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) is used in patients, its outcome in patients with a sphincter defect has not been definitively evaluated. We compared the results of SP and SNS for FI associated with a sphincter defect.

Method: Patients treated by SNS or SP for FI with an associated sphincter defect were retrospectively identified from an Institutional Review Board approved prospective database. Patients with ultrasound evidence of a sphincter defect were matched by age, gender and body mass index. The main outcome measure was change in the Cleveland Clinic Florida Faecal Incontinence Score (CCF-FIS).

Results: Twenty-six female patients with a sphincter defect were included in the study. The 13 patients in each group were similar for age, body mass index, initial CCF-FIS and the duration of follow-up. No differences were observed in parity (P = 1.00), the rate of concomitant urinary incontinence (P = 0.62) or early postoperative complications. Within-group analysis showed a significant reduction of the CCF-FIS among patients having SNS (15.9-8.4; P = 0.003) but not SP (16.9-12.9; P = 0.078). There was a trend towards a more significant improvement in CCF-FIS in the SNS than in the SP group (post-treatment CCF-FIS 8.4 vs 12.9, P = 0.06). Net improvement in CCF-FIS was not significantly different between the groups (P = 0.06).

Conclusion: Significant improvement in CCF-FIS was observed in patients treated with SNS but not SP patients. A trend towards better results was seen with SNS.

Keywords: Sacral nerve stimulation; faecal incontinence; sphincter defect; sphincteroplasty.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anal Canal / abnormalities*
  • Anal Canal / surgery
  • Databases, Factual
  • Electric Stimulation Therapy / methods*
  • Fecal Incontinence / etiology
  • Fecal Incontinence / therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality of Life
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sacrum / innervation
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Sphincterotomy / methods*
  • Treatment Outcome